The ancient Odantapuri University was located here, an important centre for the learning of Buddhism. Odatpuri was center of Buddhist culture. Also, Bihar was the headquarters of the magadha kingdom in the medieval period. Later on the headquarter was shifted from Bihar to Patana (current Patna) by Sher Shah Suri and the whole Magadha region was called Bihar.
It served as the capital of the Pala dynasty (10th century AD) and contains a 5th century AD Gupta pillar also Bihar Sharif was the seat of Muslim Governors during Mughal period. Bihar Sharif is noted for its shrine of the sufi saint Sheikh Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri (R.A) and there is Urs happens every year in Badi Dargah. Nearby lie the remains of Odantapuri (q.v.), a great vihara, or college of Buddhist learning, from which the name Bihar was derived. Bihar Sharif is also famous for Langot Fair at Baba Maniram Akhara.
Sayyid Ibrahim Mallick settled in Bihar Sharif (India) with his family, and ruled over the region until his assassination on Monday, 13th Zul-Hijjah, 753 Hijri (1353 AD). Sayyid Ibrahim Mallick`s tomb is over a hill known as Pir Pahari in Bihar Sharif. Descendants of Sayyid Ibrahim Mallick include the Surname title “Mallicks” from Bihar, India, villages and towns in the districts of Patna, Bihar Sharif, Gaya, Jehanabad, Arwal, Nawada, Jamui and Sheikhpura. However, the names of these villages are still of historical importance and for the purpose of record and identification of the Sayyid “Mallicks” whose forefathers hailed from these villages. Sayyid and Mallick are not different, Sayyid's family is used surname title "Mallicks" in Bihar.
At the time of Sultan Tughlaq (1290 AD-1351 AD), even though the State of Bihar was under the control of Delhi, for all practical purposes, its rulers were autonomous. The Sultan received numerous complaints against the Raja Bithal, the Governor (Subedar) of Bihar, who was not only a tyrant but also a rebel against the Sultan of
