Kajaani, is located southeast of Oulujärvi (Lake Oulu), which drains to the Gulf of Bothnia along the Oulujoki (river Oulu). There are 37,941 (30 September 2012) inhabitants and city surface area is 2,264.01 square kilometers (874.14 sq mi) of which 428.94 km (165.61 sq mi) is water