History of Bukhara

neral massacre" as he did in Khorasan, although most of the city burned. He chose a moderate path in between mercy and punishment because the population readily submitted while the garrison in the citadel resisted. Although he spared most adults, Genghis Khan killed 30,000 Qangli Turks who were "taller than the butt of a whip" on account of their loyalty to Sultan Muhammud, then conscripted all remaining able-bodied men into service.

After Genghis Khan's death, his son Chagatai and his descendants ruled Bukhara until the emergence of Timur.

This was a feudal state during the 16th–18th centuries. It received this name when the capital of the Shaybanid state (1500–1598) was moved to Bukhara. It reached its greatest extent and influence under its last Shaybanid ruler, Abdullah Khan II (r. 1577–1598). In 1740 it was conquered by Nadir Shah. After his death, in 1747, the khanate was controlled by the descendents of the Uzbek emir Khudayar Bi, through the prime ministerial position of ataliq. In 1785, his descendent, Shah Murad, formalized the family's dynastic rule (Manghit dynasty), and the khanate became the Emirate of Bukhara.

EMIRATE OF BUKHARA (1785-1920)

Alim Khan (1880-1944), last emir of Bukhara, deposed in 1920

Bukhara played a role in The Great Game between the Russian and the British Empires' games. Charles Stoddart and Arthur Conolly were imprisoned there by the Emir, first thrown into a vermin pit for months, and then beheaded outside the Citadel. Joseph Wolff, known as the Eccentric Missionary, escaped their fate when he came looking for them in 1845.Eventually it became a colonial acquisition of the Russian Empire