During the Japanese Occupation (1910–1945), Mokpo served as a crucial port for commercial ventures and transportation owing to its convenient location along the sea routes between the Japanese archipelago and the Chinese mainland. The large number of islands surrounding Mokpo has also served as a protective barrier, making the city less vulnerable to high seas and tsunami. During Japanese rule, the city had large residential areas, now the city's historic districts, to accommodate Japanese colonists. However, after the end of World War II and with Korean independence in 1945, the city slowly lost its position as host to major government organs and wartime industries. The shortage of secondary industries caused a serious population drain and Mokpo became a mid-sized city of the Honam region.
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