t. It soon erupted into other mutinies and civilian rebellions mainly in north-central India along the major river valleys (See red annotated locations on Map at right) but with local episodes extending both northwest to Peshawar on the north-west frontier with Afghanistan and southeast beyond Delhi. Communal hatred led to ugly riots in many parts of Uttar Pradesh. The green flag was hoisted and Muslims in Bareilly, Bijnor, Moradabad and other places shouted for the revival of a Muslim kingdom.
During the Mutiny of 1857 the Rohillas took an active part against the English, but then were disarmed. Khan Badur Khan Rohilla, the grandson of Hafiz Rahmat Khan formed his own government in Bareilly in 1857. A widespread popular revolt in areas such as Awadh, Bundelkhand and Rohilkhand took place. The rebellion was therefore more than just a military rebellion and it spanned more than one region.
In 1857, Khan Bhadur Khan issued silver coins from Bareilly as an independent ruler.
When the Indian Rebellion of 1857 failed Bareilly was subjugated. Khan Bahadur Khan was sentenced to death and hanged in the Kotwali on February 24, 1860.
The main conflict occurred largely in the upper Gangetic plain and central India, with major hostilities confined to present-day Uttar Pradesh,Bihar, northern Madhya Pradesh and the Delhi region. The rebellion posed a considerable threat to British East Indian Company power in that region. It was contained only with the fall of Gwalior on 20 June 1858. Some regard the rebellion as the first of several movements over ninety years to achieve independence, which was finally achieved in 1947
