rovince. In March 1932, the Inspection Division of South Manchuria Railway started to draw up the Metropolitan Plan of Great Hsinking. The Bureau of capital construction which was directly under the control of State Council of Manchukuo was established to take complete responsibility of the formulation and the implementation of the plan. Kuniaki Koiso, the Chief of Staff of the Kwantung Army, and Yasuji Okamura, the Vice Chief-of-Staff, finalized the plan of a 200 square kilometers' construction area. The Metropolitan Plan of Great Hsinking was influenced by the renovation plan of Paris in the 19th century, the garden city movement, and theories of American cities' planning and design in the 1920s. The city development plan included extensive tree planting, by 1934 Hsinking was known as the Forest Capital.[who?] By 1942, Hsinking's public green space per capita reached 2,272 square meters, which was 5 times more than Japan's major cities.
In accordance with the Metropolitan Plan of Great Hsinking, the area of publically shared land (including the Imperial Palace, government offices, roads, parks and athletic grounds) in Hsinking was 47 square kilometers, whilst the area of residential, commercial and industrial developments was planned to be 53 square kilometers. However, Hsinking's population exceeded the prediction of 500,000 by 1940 - in 1941, the Capital Construction Bureau modified the original plan, which expanded the urban area to 160 square kilometers. The new plan also focused on the construction of satellite towns around the city with a planning of 200 square meters' land per capita. Because the effects of war, the Metropolitan Plan of Great Hsinking remained unfinished. By 1944, the built up urban area of Hsinking reached 80 square kilometers, while the area used for greening reached 70.7 square kilometers. As Hsinking's city orientation was the administrative center and military commanding center, land for military use exceeded the originally
