Bangladesh officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a country in South Asia. It is located in the Bengal region of the eastern Indian subcontinent, and the name Bangladesh means "Country of Bengal" in the official Bengali language. It shares borders with India and Burma (Myanmar), and faces the Bay of Bengal to its south.
The present-day borders of the country were established during the British partition of Bengal and India in 1947, when the region became East Pakistan, part of the newly formed nation of Pakistan. However, it was separated from West Pakistan by 1,600 km (994 mi) of Indian territory. Due to political exclusion, ethnic and linguistic discrimination, and economic neglect by the politically dominant western wing, popular agitation and nationalism grew against West Pakistan, and resulted in the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. In the aftermath of war and independence, the new state endured poverty and natural disasters, as well as political turmoil and military coups. The restoration of democracy in 1991 has been followed by relative calm and economic progress.
Bangladesh is a unitary multiparty parliamentary republic, with a Westminster system of parliamentary government. It has an ancient and historical cultural heritage, including diverse artistic, folk, literary and philosophical traditions. It is also the eighth most populous country in the world and also one of the most densely populated countries in the world. Despite a number of major challenges, including poverty and overpopulation, political and bureaucratic corruption and vulnerability to climate change, Bangladesh's economy has grown significantly since 1991 and per-capita income has doubled from 1975 levels. The country has been identified as a Next Eleven economy, and is an active member of SAARC, BIMSTEC, the OIC, NAM and the Commonwealth
